Nirmal Raj Joshi
-
Most efficient trapezoidal section for flow propagation
By
Calculating the most efficient trapezoidal section of a canal is crucial for optimizing water flow and minimizing the construction cost. A trapezoidal canal section, characterized by its trapezoidal shape, allows for controlled flow and effective sediment transport. The most efficient trapezoidal section of canal can be calculated as follows Let, Base width of the canal=B…
-
Centroid of trapezoidal shape
By
in How toThe centroid of the trapezoidal with its one face perpendicular is given be $$ X=-1/3* {(-2b^2-2*a*b+a^2)/(a+b)}$$ $$Y=1/3 *h* (b+2*a)/(a+b)$$ Where a, b, h and origin is as shown in the figure below. Similarly, the centroid of any trapezoidal that does not have perpendicular face is given by $$x= 1/3*(3a*b+3*b*c+b^2+6*a*c+3*a^2+2*c^2)/(b+2a+c)$$ $$y=1/3* h* (b+3*a+c)/(b+2*a+c)$$ Where a, b…
-
Common problems in Autocad and their solution – a historical database
By
in How toI am listing a set of AutoCAD commands and system variable which just offends the regular users. Use F1 in the AutoCAD for details. Problem: Land Desktop import slope lines in plan view Solution: To import end lines (lines meeting to ground in fill or cut): Cross section->Point Output->Catch Pt to DWG-> Yes ->…
-
Durability of concrete in terms of water permeability
By
Permeability is one of the main indicator defining the durability of the concrete. In one hand, the permeability of the concrete can be high from the beginning of concrete life, in which case, the deterioration takes place rapidly during the service life. While in the other hand, the permeability of the concrete may gradually increase…
-
Degradation of concrete by abrasion
By
in EngineeringAbrasion of concrete is progressive loss of concrete mass due to mechanical degradation such as friction, grinding action, impact, overloading and local crushing. Vehicular movement and pedestrian traffic causes abrasion. The worst effect of abrasion is caused by vehicle with studded/chain tyres. Similarly, in industrial buildings, the concrete floors are subjected to impact load and…
-
Derivation for sum of angles
By
The summation formulas for sine, cosine, and tangent are the key identities that govern trigonometric relationships. These formulas help us analyze combinations of angles in various scenarios, from simple geometric calculations to complex oscillatory systems. Let’s revise these fundamental concepts.
-
Alkali Silica Reaction in concrete
By
The phenomenon of aggregates reacting with the alkali component of cement is called alkali aggregate reaction (AAR). The predominant form of alkali aggregate reaction is alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in which the silica content of aggregate reacts with sodium and potassium hydroxide of concrete. Other forms of AAR are alkali-carbonate reaction and alkali-silicate reaction. In China…
-
Counting the number of words in MS-Word using Fields
By
in How toCounting the number of words in MS Word document can often feel like a straightforward task—until you need to exclude certain sections like titles, references, or footnotes. Whether you’re preparing a manuscript, a report, or an academic paper, accurately tracking the word count can make a significant difference. Here’s a handy guide to help you…
-
Using microbes for durable concrete
By
Conventionally, organic matters in concrete were considered to be undesirable. But recent study with selected microbes has shed new light on its usefulness. Both useful and deteriorating microbes has been identified. Metabolic activity of microbes produces acid which degrade concrete. These kinds of deterioration are pronounced in location having high microbial activities such as near…
-
Dual effect of silica fume in concrete
By
While silica can cause deterioration through ASR, when used properly, it significantly enhances concrete's durability and strength